Rabindranath Tagore early life, work and achievements
Short biographical notes on Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore was born on May 7 1861 at Jorasanko in Kolkata. He was the eighth son of Maharshi Debendranath Tagore. Rabindranath Tagore was brought up in an atmosphere comfort and refinement. He had a strong dislike for the stale environment of our conventional schools. He received his real education at home under the able guidance of his venerable father and his elder brothers. In 1878 he was sent to England and state there with his elder brother. Satyendranath. He married Mrinalini Devi in 1883. He had three daughters- Madhurilata, Renuka and Mira, two sons- Rabindranath and Shamindranath.
Ravindranath began to write poem at early age. Having composed several books of verse between the year 1880 and 1890. He published Manashi, a collection of poems that marked the maturity of his genius. During this period, he also wrote two lyrical plays- Raja-o-Rani (1889) and Visarjan (1890).
In 1891, Ravindranath Tagore went to manage his father's estate at Shilaidah and Sajadpur. He lived there to close contact with the village folk. His sympathy for their poverty and backwardness was the keynote of many of his short stories collected in Galpaguchcha (1901).
At Shilaidah he fall in love with the Woods, streams and fields of rural Bengal. During these years he published severals collections of poem- Sonar Teri (1894), Chitra (1896), Chitali (1896), Kalpana and Kshanika both (1900), Naivedya (1910), and two lyrical plays- Chitrangada (1892) and Malini (1896).
In the following years, Rabindranath was greatly troubled with a series of family misfortunes. His wife died in 1902, his second daughter Renuka died in 1903, his father died in 1905 and his youngest son Shamindranath died in 1907. These years of great sorrow and suffering inspired some of his best poetry. Smaran (1903), Gitanjali (1904), Gitimalya (1914) are important poetical works of this period. The English version of Gitanjali (Song offering) translated by poet, himself, created a sensation in Europe and America. The poems are the unique combination of tender humanism and deep religious fervour. In 1913 the Swedish Academy awarded him the Nobel prize for literature. Rabindranath was the first Asian to receive this high distinction.
Rabindranath continued to write and published songs and poems from 1916 till his death in 1941, he published many collection of poems of which Balaka (1916), Puravi (1925), Mahua (1929), Vanavani (1931), Patraput (1939), Shyamali (1936), Navajatak (1940), Janmadin (1941), Sesh Lekha (1941) etc, are some of the more important ones.
His novels are also worthy of attention. Chokher Bali (1903), Gora(1910), Chaturanga (1916), Ghare- Baire (1919), Sesher Kabita (1929), Jogajog (1929), Char Adhyaya (1934) are among the most famous novels. Much of his later life was send lecture tours in Europe. America, Chaina , Japan, Malaya, and Indonesia. Many of his works were translated into English by the poet himself as well as others.
Rabindranath was a great educationist. His view of education was based on his cult internationalism. In 1901 he founded a school at Santiniketan near Bolpur.
Rabindranath was a great patriot as well. He played important role in the Swadeshi movement. Through his literary endeavours, he inspired his countrymen to meet the challenge of imperialism. In protest against Jallianwallabhag massacre (April 14, 1919) Rabindranath resigned his knighthood. He said, "I have no faith in Government of butchers. I shall ever pray to God to give us the strength and the courage to get rid of this Government of tyranny."
Rabindranath died Calcutta on August 8, 1941. His death marked the end of a great epoch.
Song-1 ( Thou Hast Made Me Endless)
Song- 2 (When Thou Commandest Me to Sing)
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